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英文药名: Carafate(sucralfate oral suspension)
中文药名: 硫糖铝口服混悬液
生产品牌药厂家: Axcan Pharma Inc
药品名称
通用名称：硫糖铝
英文名：Sucralfate
其它中文名：胃溃宁
其它英文名：Antepsin、Carafate、Sulerate、Ulcerban、Ulcerlmin、Ulsanic
药理作用
[药理]
药效学
在酸性环境下，可离解为带负电荷的八硫酸庶糖，聚合成胶体，保护胃粘膜，然而确切的作用机制尚未完全清楚。能与溃疡或炎症处的带正电荷的渗出蛋白质结合，在溃汤面或炎症处形成一薄膜，保护溃疡或炎症粘膜抵御胃酸的侵袭。此外，硫糖铝能吸附胃蛋白酶及中和胃酸，但作用弱。硫糖铝还能吸附唾液中的表皮生长因子，浓集于溃疡处，促进愈合，也能剌激前列腺素E的合成,刺激表面上皮分泌碳酸氢根及起细胞保护作用。
药动学
胃肠道吸收约5％,作用持续时间约5小时。 主要随粪便排出, 少量以双糖硫酸盐自尿排出。
本品系制酸药，口服后能在胃酸中水解释放出氢氧化铝和硫酸化蔗糖，前者以凝胶形式发挥抗酸作用，后者能与胃蛋白酶形成复合物，抑制其分解蛋白质，并与粘膜的粘蛋白结合形成保护膜，覆盖溃疡面，有利于胃粘膜的再生和溃疡愈合。
适应症
用于治疗胃十二指肠溃汤及胃炎。
用于治疗胃、十二指肠溃疡、胆汁返流性胃炎，可减轻幽门螺杆菌对胃粘膜的损害作用。
用法用量
成人常用量：一次1g，一日4次，餐前1小时及睡前嚼碎后服。
小儿遵医嘱。
给药说明:
(1)硫糖铝必须空腹摄入，餐前1小时与睡前服用效果最好。嚼碎与唾液搅和，或研成粉末后服下能发挥最大效应。
(2)本品短期治疗即可使溃疡完全愈合，但愈合后复发仍属可能；本品对严重十二指肠溃疡效果较差。
(3)临床如有需要，为缓解溃疡疼痛可合并应用制酸药，但后者须在硫糖铝服前半小时或服后1小时给予。
(4)每一疗程为4-8周，配合X线或内镜检查观察溃疡愈合与否。
(5)连续应用不宜超过8周。
防止便秘，可适当加服轻泻药。
治疗收效后，应继续服药数月，以免复发。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
不良反应
较常见的是便秘；少见或偶见的有腰痛、腹泻、眩晕、昏睡、口干、消化不良、恶心、皮疹、瘙痒以及胃痉挛。
个别病例口干,恶心,便秘,剧烈胃痛,长期使用大剂量可出现铝中毒。硫糖铝引起血浆内磷酸盐含量下降，长期使用可能出现骨软化。
禁用/慎用
肾功能不全的病人，服用疏糖铝后，血浆中铝的含量增加，虽不能确定长期用药后铝在体内的蓄积情况，但应小心使用。
药物相互作用
(1)制酸药可干扰硫糖铝的药理作用，硫糖铝也可减少西咪替丁的吸收。
(2)硫糖铝可干扰脂溶性维生素(维生素 A、D、E和 K)的吸收。
本品能与胃蛋白酶形成复合物，多酶片中含有胃蛋白酶，因此两药不宣合用。本品亦可减少西咪替丁的吸收。
硫糖铝对共服的其他药物有明显的相互作用，可以减少华法林(也可能还有苯妥英、地高辛、四环素等)的吸收，当两者共同服用时，华法林的抗凝血活性降低50％。
Brand names: Carafate®
Chemical formula:
Sucralfate Oral tablet
What is this medicine?
SUCRALFATE (SOO kral fate) helps to treat ulcers of the intestine.
This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.
What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?
They need to know if you have any of these conditions:
•kidney disease
•an unusual or allergic reaction to sucralfate, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives
•pregnant or trying to get pregnant
•breast-feeding
How should I use this medicine?
Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. This medicine works best if you take it on an empty stomach, 1 hour before meals. Take your doses at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed. Do not stop taking except on your doctor's advice.
Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.
Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.
NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.
What may interact with this medicine?
•antacid
•cimetidine
•digoxin
•ketoconazole
•phenytoin
•quinidine
•ranitidine
•some antibiotics like ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin
•theophylline
•thyroid hormones
•warfarin
This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.
What should I watch for while using this medicine?
Visit your doctor or health care professional for regular check ups. Let your doctor know if your symptoms do not improve or if you feel worse.
Antacids should not be taken within one half hour before or after this medicine.
What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?
Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:
•allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
•difficulty breathing
Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):
•back pain
•constipation
•drowsy, dizzy
•dry mouth
•headache
•stomach upset, gas
•trouble sleeping
This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Where should I keep my medicine?
Keep out of the reach of children.
Store at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F). Keep container tightly closed. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.
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