英文药名: Sanctura (Trospium Chloride Tablets)

中文药名: 曲司氯铵片

药品名称

这个药通常也叫: Trosec in Canada.
通用名：曲司氯铵片
英文名：Trospium　Chloride　Tablets
主要成分: 本品主要成分及其化学名称为：氯化－3－二苯乙醇酰基去甲莨菪烷－8－螺－1－吡咯烷。
性状: 本品为光滑的黄棕色包衣片。
药理毒理
本品为人工合成的具有四个铵基结构的托品酸衍生物，属副交感神经的阻滞药，作用类似于阿托品，主要通过与内源性神经递质乙酰胆碱竞争性结合突触后膜M-受体而起作用，对有副交感神经支配的器官起着降低副交感神经张力、去除因副交感神经引起的平滑肌痉挛的作用，对胃肠、胆道和泌尿道也有一定作用。本品脂溶性低而不易通过血脑屏障，不会产生中枢神经系统副作用。两种啮齿动物的急性和慢性毒性实验显示：可观察到的副作用是由于药效活性的提高所致，而不是特异性的靶器官毒性，且没有性别间的差异。在最大耐受剂量下无生殖毒性，体内体外实验显示无致基因突变效应和致癌效应。
药代动力学

口服本品20-60mg,药代动力学参数Cmax 和AUC0-inf与剂量成比例；当与高脂肪含量的早餐同服时，其生物利用度明显减少。　单剂量口服时，本品药代动力学参数个体差异很大，有关吸收和排泄参数的变异系数高达45%-65%；静脉给予时，药代动力学参数个体差异明显变小。　年轻男性受试者空腹单剂量口服20mg本品后，平均绝对生物利用度为9.6±4.5%。　
老年人药代动力学参数无明显变化。由于本品主要通过肾脏排泄，因此肾损害时会影响本品的药代动力学，肌酐清除率小于40ml/min的慢性肾衰患者应适当减少剂量。　
体外试验提示本品蛋白结合率很高，大约50%以上。　静脉给予同位素标记的本品，90%通过尿液和粪便排泄，大约分别为70%和20%。
适应症

膀胱过度活动症；尿频，夜尿症，非激素或器质病变所致膀胱功能紊乱（ 膀胱刺激、尿急）。
 
规格

20毫克/片.

Brand name:
Sanctura
Generic name: Trospium chloride
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Why is Sanctura prescribed?
Sanctura is prescribed for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) in adults. People with overactive bladder experience a strong and urgent need to urinate (urgency), a need to urinate more often than normal (frequency), or uncontrolled urine leakage (incontinence).
In OAB, the muscle in the bladder wall spasms, causing a need to urinate even when the bladder is not full. It can also result in accidental urination. Sanctura blocks the signal that causes spasm, relaxing the muscle of the bladder wall and restoring more normal bladder function.
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Most important fact about Sanctura
Sanctura can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and blurred vision. You must use caution when driving, operating machinery, or engaging in hazardous activities when taking this medication to prevent injury to yourself and others.
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How should you take Sanctura?
Take Sanctura exactly as prescribed by your doctor, with a full glass of water, at least 1 hour before meals or on an empty stomach.
If you miss a dose...
Take the forgotten dose 1 hour before your next meal, and then return to your regular schedule. Do not take two doses at once.
Storage instructions...
Store at room temperature.
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What side effects may occur?
Side effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity, tell your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine if it is safe to continue using Sanctura.
Side effects may include:
Blurred vision, constipation, dizziness, drowsiness, dry eyes, dry mouth, headache, inability to urinate, gas, stomach upset/pain
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Why should Sanctura not be prescribed?

You should not take Sanctura if:
You are unable to empty your bladder (urinary retention or urinary blockage).
You have delayed or slow emptying of your stomach (also called gastric retention).
You have uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma (high pressure inside the eye).
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Special warnings about Sanctura
Sanctura should be used with caution if you have trouble emptying your bladder. Before taking this drug, make sure the doctor knows if you have liver or kidney disease, stomach or intestinal problems, severe constipation, ulcerative colitis, myasthenia gravis, or eye problems such as glaucoma. Sanctura may make these conditions worse.
Drink plenty of fluids and stay well hydrated during hot weather while taking this drug, since it can reduce your ability to sweat and contribute to the risk of heat exhaustion.
Sanctura can cause dry mouth. For temporary relief, try sucking on hard candy or chewing gum.
Sanctura has not been studied in children.
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Possible food and drug interactions when taking Sanctura
Sanctura has not yet been shown to interact with other medicines. However, it may affect your body's ability to absorb other medicines and your doctor may make a dosage adjustment or closely monitor your condition if you are taking the following:
Digoxin
Metformin
Morphine
Procainamide
Tenofovir
Vancomycin

Certain other drugs may increase the effects of constipation, dry mouth, and drowsiness when taken with Sanctura, including medicines for anxiety, allergies, depression, muscle spasm, pain, and sleeplessness.
Avoid drinking alcohol with Sanctura, as it may increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness and drowsiness.
Meals that are high in fat can interfere with the absorption of Sanctura. Always take this drug at least 1 hour before meals or on an empty stomach.
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Special information if you are pregnant or breastfeeding

The effects of taking Sanctura during pregnancy have not been studied. If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant, contact your doctor immediately.

In clinical studies, Sanctura appeared in the breast milk of animals. It is not known whether Sanctura appears in human breast milk; talk to your doctor if you plan on breastfeeding.
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Recommended dosage for Sanctura

ADULTS

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The usual recommended dose of Sanctura is 20 mg once in the morning and once at night. Take it at least 1 hour before meals or on an empty stomach.
In cases of severe kidney disease, the recommended dose is 20 mg once at bedtime.
If you are 75 years or older, your doctor may decrease your dose or start you on a lower dose of 20 mg once a day.
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Overdosage

Any medication taken in excess can have serious consequences. If you suspect an overdose, seek emergency treatment immediately.
Symptoms of overdose may include:
Confusion; dry, hot, or flushed skin; enlarged pupils; extremely high blood pressure; fast heartbeat; hallucinations; inability to urinate; seizures; vomiting; and possibly coma
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