英文药名: CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE(CYTOXAN GENERIC)

中文药名: 环磷酰胺注射剂

药品说明；
【化学名称】对-［双-(β-氯乙基)胺基］-β-苯丙氨酸。
【别名】癌得星、安道生、CTX。
【药理及作用】本品属细胞毒类药物，主要是通过杀伤免疫细胞，阻止其增殖而抑制免疫反应。主要用于经常复发的肾病综合征和激素依赖型肾病综合征。与激素同用，有可能减少激素的副作用。
本品在体外无活性，进入体内被肝脏或肿瘤内存在的过量的磷酰胺酶或磷酸酶水解，变为活化作用型的磷酰胺氮芥而起作用。其作用机制与氮芥相似，与DNA发生交叉联结，抑制DNA的合成，也可干扰RNA的功能，属细胞周期非特异性药物。本品抗瘤谱广，对多种肿瘤有抑制作用。
【药代动力学】环磷酰胺口服易吸收，迅速分布全身，约1小时后达血浆峰浓度，在肝脏转化释出磷酰胺氮芥，其代谢产物约50%与蛋白结合。静注后血浆半衰期4～6小时，48小时内经肾脏排出50%～70%，其中68%为代谢产物，32%为原形。
【适应症】本品为目前广泛应用的抗癌药物，对恶性淋巴瘤、急性或慢性淋巴细胞白血病、多发性骨髓瘤有较好的疗效，对乳腺癌、睾丸肿瘤、卵巢癌、肺癌、头颈部鳞癌、鼻咽癌、神经母细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤及骨肉瘤均有一定的疗效。
【用法】每天每千克体重2-3毫克，可分为两次口服。亦可将两天的剂量加入注射用生理盐水内，隔日静脉注射1次。累积量不超过每千克体重150毫克。
【不良反应】骨髓抑制：白细胞减少较血小板减少为常见，最低值在用药后1～2周，多在2～3周后恢复。对肝功有影响。胃肠道反应：包括食欲减退、恶心及呕吐，一般停药1～3天即可消失。泌尿道反应：当大剂量环磷酰胺静滴，而缺乏有效预防措施时，可致出血性膀胱炎，表现为膀胱刺激症状、少尿、血尿及蛋白尿，系其代谢产物丙烯醛刺激膀胱所致，但环磷酰胺常规剂量应用时，其发生率较低。其他反应尚包括脱发、口腔炎、中毒性肝炎、皮肤色素沉着、月经紊乱、无精子或精子减少及肺纤维化等。
【禁忌】抗癌药物，必须在有经验的专科医生指导下用药。凡有骨髓抑制、感染、肝肾功能损害者禁用或慎用。对本品过敏者禁用。妊娠及哺乳期妇女禁用。
【注意】
1.本品早期副作用有骨髓抑制（白细胞减少等），感染，出血性膀胱炎，脱发，胃肠道反应；远期副作用有生殖系统功能损害（主要为睾丸生精能力损害，停经及卵巢纤维化较少见），发生恶性肿瘤。
2.用药期间，特别是用药后1-2周，定期检查血白细胞，如白细胞≤3Χ109/升，应减少本药的剂量或暂停使用。以免其代谢产物停留在膀胱内时间过长，而引起出血性膀胱炎。
【孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药】有致突变、致畸胎作用，可造成胎儿死亡或先天畸形，妊娠妇女禁用。本品可在乳汁中排出，在开始用药时必须中止哺乳。
【药物相互作用】环磷酰胺可使血清中假胆碱酯酶减少，使血清尿酸水平增高，因此，与抗痛风药如别嘌呤醇、秋水仙碱、丙磺舒等同用时，应调整抗痛风药物的剂量。此外也加强了琥珀胆碱的神经肌肉阻滞作用，可使呼吸暂停延长。环磷酰胺可抑制胆碱酯酶活性，因而延长可卡因的作用并增加毒性。大剂量巴比妥类、皮质激素类药物可影响环磷酰胺的代谢，同时应用可增加环磷酰胺的急性毒性。
【贮藏】遮光，密闭，在30℃以下保存。
Cytoxan(Cyclophosphamide): Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer Treatment
Cyclophosphamide
Cytoxan Generic Name: Cyclophosphamide (SYE-kloe-FOS-fa-mide)Brand Name: Examples include Cytoxan and Neosar
Cytoxan is used for:
Treating certain types of the following cancers: lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, mycosis fungoides, neuroblastoma, ovarian cancer, eye cancer, and breast cancer. It is usually used in combination with other medicines. It may also be used to treat certain kidney problems (nephrotic syndrome) in children or for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Cytoxan is an antineoplastic. It works by stopping or slowing the growth or spread of certain cancer cells.
Do NOT use Cytoxan if:
you are allergic to any ingredient in Cytoxan or to other similar medicines
you have severely suppressed bone marrow function
you are in the first 3 months of pregnancy or you are breast-feeding
you are taking a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-blocking medicine (eg, etanercept)
Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.
Before using Cytoxan :
Some medical conditions may interact with Cytoxan . Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
if you have an infection, chickenpox, a suppressed immune system, bone marrow suppression or other bone marrow problems, low levels of white blood cells or platelets, or liver or kidney problems
if you are receiving or have received cytotoxic therapy or x-ray or radiation therapy
if you have had an adrenal gland removed (adrenalectomy)
if you are receiving or have received chemotherapy or radiation therapy
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Cytoxan . Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
TNF-blocking medicines (eg, etanercept) because the risk of certain types of cancer may be increased
Doxorubicin or trastuzumab because the risk of heart-related side effects and toxicity may be increased
Imidazoles (eg, ketoconazole) or phenobarbital because they may increase the risk of Cytoxan 's side effects
Ondansetron because it may decrease Cytoxan 's effectiveness
Succinylcholine because its actions and the risk of its side effects may be increased by Cytoxan Indomethacin because the risk of its side effects may be increased by Cytoxan
Digoxin because its effectiveness may be decreased by Cytoxan
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Cytoxan may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
How to use Cytoxan :
Use Cytoxan as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Cytoxan is usually given as an injection at your doctor's office, hospital, or clinic. If you will be using Cytoxan at home, a health care provider will teach you how to use it. Be sure you understand how to use Cytoxan . Follow the procedures you are taught when you use a dose. Contact your health care provider if you have any questions.
Do not use Cytoxan if it contains particles, is cloudy or discolored, or if the vial is cracked or damaged.
If you experience nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or loss of appetite, contact your doctor to discuss ways to reduce these side effects.
Drinking extra fluids and emptying your bladder regularly while you are taking Cytoxan is recommended. Check with your doctor for instructions.
Keep this product, as well as syringes and needles, out of the reach of children and pets. Do not reuse needles, syringes, or other materials. Ask your health care provider how to dispose of these materials after use. Follow all local rules for disposal.
If you miss a dose of Cytoxan , contact your doctor right away.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Cytoxan .
Important safety information:
Cytoxan may reduce the number of clot-forming cells (platelets) in your blood. Avoid activities that may cause bruising or injury. Tell your doctor if you have unusual bruising or bleeding. Tell your doctor if you have dark, tarry, or bloody stools.
Cytoxan may lower the ability of your body to fight infection. Avoid contact with people who have colds or infections. Tell your doctor if you notice signs of infection like fever, sore throat, rash, or chills.
Tell your doctor or dentist that you take Cytoxan before you receive any medical or dental care, emergency care, or surgery.
Cytoxan may decrease your body's ability to heal wounds. Discuss any questions or concerns with your doctor.
Cytoxan may increase your chance of developing a second cancer, sometimes even years after stopping treatment with Cytoxan . Discuss any questions or concerns with your doctor.
Cytoxan may cause infertility that is sometimes permanent. Discuss any questions or concerns with your doctor.
Check with your doctor before receiving any vaccinations while you are using Cytoxan .
The use of birth control is recommended while using Cytoxan .
Lab tests, including complete blood cell counts, platelet counts, and urine tests, may be performed while you use Cytoxan . These tests may be used to monitor your condition or check for side effects. Be sure to keep all doctor and lab appointments.
Use Cytoxan with caution in the ELDERLY; they may be more sensitive to its effects.
PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: Cytoxan has been shown to cause harm to the fetus. Do not become pregnant while you are using it. If you think you may be pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using Cytoxan while you are pregnant. Cytoxan is found in breast milk. Do not breast-feed while taking Cytoxan .
Possible side effects of Cytoxan :
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:
Appetite loss; absence of menstrual periods; color change in skin; diarrhea; general unwell feeling; hair loss; nausea; skin rash; stomach discomfort or pain; texture change in nails; vomiting; weakness.
Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); blood in urine; bloody or black tarry stools; chest pain; chills; fever; hallucinations; increased or decreased urination; infection; lower back or abdominal pain; pain, swelling, or redness at the injection site; painful urination; persistent cough; pneumonia; red, swollen, or blistered skin; seizures; severe stomach pain; shortness of breath; sore throat; sores in the mouth; swelling of the hands or feet; unusual bruising or bleeding; unusual or severe tiredness or weakness; yellowing of the skin or eyes.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, contact your health care provider. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. You may also report side effects at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
If OVERDOSE is suspected:
Contact 1-800-222-1222 (the American Association of Poison Control Centers), your local poison control center (http://www.aapcc.org), or emergency room immediately. Symptoms may include back or stomach pain; fast heartbeat; red or bloody urine; weakness.
Proper storage of Cytoxan :
Cytoxan is usually handled and stored by a health care provider. If you are using Cytoxan at home, store Cytoxan as directed by your pharmacist or health care provider. Keep Cytoxan out of the reach of children and away from pets.
General information:
If you have any questions about Cytoxan , please talk with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
Cytoxan is to be used only by the patient for whom it is prescribed. Do not share it with other people.
If your symptoms do not improve or if they become worse, check with your doctor.
This information is a summary only. It does not contain all information about Cytoxan . If you have questions about the medicine you are taking or would like more information, check with your doctor, pharmacist, or other health care provider.

附件:
2010111117555539.pdf

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注：以下产品不同规格和不同价格，购买时请电话咨询为准！
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产地国家: 美国
原产地英文商品名:
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE(CYTOXAN GENERIC)500mg/vial
原产地英文药品名:
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
中文参考商品译名:
环磷酰胺(CYTOXAN仿制药)500毫克/瓶
中文参考药品译名:
环磷酰胺
中文参考化合物名称:
对-［双-(β-氯乙基)胺基］-β-苯丙氨酸
生产厂家中文参考译名:
百特
生产厂家英文名:
BAXTER HLTHCARE
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产地国家: 美国
原产地英文商品名:
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE(CYTOXAN GENERIC)2g/vial
原产地英文药品名:
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
中文参考商品译名:
环磷酰胺(CYTOXAN仿制药)2克/瓶
中文参考药品译名:
环磷酰胺
中文参考化合物名称:
对-［双-(β-氯乙基)胺基］-β-苯丙氨酸
生产厂家中文参考译名:
百特
生产厂家英文名:
BAXTER HLTHCARE
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产地国家: 美国
原产地英文商品名:
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE(CYTOXAN GENERIC)1g/vial
原产地英文药品名:
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
中文参考商品译名:
环磷酰胺(CYTOXAN仿制药)1克/瓶
中文参考药品译名:
环磷酰胺
中文参考化合物名称:
对-［双-(β-氯乙基)胺基］-β-苯丙氨酸
生产厂家中文参考译名:
百特
生产厂家英文名:
BAXTER HLTHCARE