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替米沙坦片Micardis(telmisartan Tablets)

2013-04-22 18:25:15 作者：新特药房来源：互联网浏览次数：618 文字大小：【大】【中】【小】

简介： 英文药名: Micardis(telmisartan Tablets) 中文药名: 美卡素(替米沙坦片) 药品名称【通用名】替米沙坦【商品名】美卡素【英文名】 telmisartan 药理作用替米沙坦是一种特异性血管紧张素Ⅱ ...

关键字：美卡素替米沙坦片 Micardis 高血压

英文药名: Micardis(telmisartan Tablets)

中文药名: 美卡素(替米沙坦片)

药品名称
【通用名】替米沙坦
【商品名】美卡素
【英文名】 telmisartan
药理作用
替米沙坦是一种特异性血管紧张素Ⅱ受体（ATⅠ型）拮抗剂。替米沙坦替代血管紧张素Ⅱ受体与ATⅠ受体亚型（已知的血管紧张素Ⅱ作用位点）高亲和性结合。替米沙坦在ATⅠ受体位点无任何部位激动剂效应，替米沙坦选择性与ATⅠ受体结合，该结合作用持久。替米沙坦对其他受体（包括AT2和其它特征更少的AT受体）无亲和力。上述其它受体的功能尚未可知，由于替米沙坦导致血管紧张素Ⅱ水平增高，从而可能引起的受体过度刺激效应亦不可知。替米沙坦不抑制人体血浆肾素，亦不阻断离子通道。替米沙坦不抑制血管紧张素转换酶Ⅱ，该酶亦可降解缓激肽作用增强导致的不良反应。在人体给予80mg替米沙坦几乎可完全抑制血管紧张素Ⅱ引起的血压升高。抑制效应持续24小时，在48小时仍可测到。首剂替米沙坦后3小时内降压效应逐渐明显。在治疗开始后4周可获得最大降压效果，并可在长期治疗中维持。替米沙坦治疗如突然中断，数天后血压逐渐恢复到治疗前水平，而不出现反弹性高血压。在直接比较两种高血压药物的临床试验研究中，替米沙坦治疗组的患者干咳发生率显著低于血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂治疗组。
药代动力学
替米沙坦口服吸收迅速，食物不影响吸收。绝对生物利用度平均值约50％。大部分与血浆蛋白结合（>99.5％）。平均稳态表观分布容积（Vss）约为500L，靶器官组织亲和力高。替米沙坦不经细胞色素P450酶代谢，通过母体化合物与葡糖苷酸结合代谢。结合产物无药理活性。最终清除半衰期为24小时，故只需每日口服一次。达峰时0.5～1小时，口服降压起效迅速。临床未见相关的替米沙坦蓄积作用。口服时，替米沙坦几乎完全随粪便排泄，完全以未改变的化合物形式排出。
适应症
治疗原发性高血压。
用法用量
成人：一次80mg，一日一次。服用时间不受饮食影响。
轻或中度肾功能不良的病人，以及老人服用本品不需调整剂量。轻或中度肝功能不全的病人，本品用量不应超过40mg/日。
对于儿童：本品的安全性及有效性数据尚未建立。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
不良反应
腹泻和血管性水肿。大多为轻微的和暂时的，一般不需停止治疗。其发生与剂量无相关性。
禁忌症
对本品活性成份及任一种赋形剂成份过敏者；妊娠及哺乳者；胆道阻塞性疾病患者；严重肝或肾功能不全患者；儿童禁用。
药物过量
尚无人过量使用方面的资料，一旦出现症状性低血压，应当采取相应的支持治疗。替米沙坦不能通过血液透析清除。
药物相互作用
药代动力学试验已经研究了本品与地高辛、华法林、氢氯噻嗪、格列苯脲、布洛芬、扑热息痛、氨氯地平等药物的相互作用。如可升高地高辛平均波谷血药浓度20％，与地高辛合用时，须监测地高辛血药浓度。锂剂与血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂合用，可引起可逆性的血钾水平升高和毒性反应，与替米沙坦合用不能排除这种可能性，因此与锂剂合用时应小心监测血钾水平。
Micardis
Main use - High blood pressure
Active ingredient - Telmisartan
Manufacturer - Boehringer Ingelheim
How does it work?
Micardis tablets contain the active ingredient telmisartan, which is a type of medicine called an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. It works by preventing the action of a hormone in the body called angiotensin II.
Angiotensin II normally acts on special receptors in the body, with two main results. Firstly, it causes the peripheral blood vessels to narrow, and secondly, it stimulates the production of another hormone called aldosterone. Aldosterone causes salt and water to be retained by the kidneys, which increases the volume of fluid in the blood vessels.
Telmisartan blocks the receptors that angiotensin II acts on, and so prevents its actions. The main result of this is that the peripheral blood vessels are allowed to widen, which means that there is more space and less resistance in these blood vessels. This is the main mechanism by which the pressure in the blood vessels is lowered.
Blocking the actions of angiotensin II also reduces the action of aldosterone on the kidneys. The result of this is an increase in the amount of fluid removed from the blood by the kidneys. This decreases the amount of fluid in the blood vessels, which also lessens the resistance and pressure in the blood vessels.
The combined overall effect of these changes is to lower the blood pressure.
What is it used for?
■High blood pressure with no known cause (essential hypertension).
■Reducing the risk of heart attack or stroke in people with a history of coronary heart disease, previous stroke or type 2 diabetes that has caused damage to any organs
Warning!
■Blood pressure medicines such as this one may occasionally cause drowsiness and dizziness. You should take care when performing potentially hazardous activites, such as driving or operating machinery, until you know how this medicine affects you and are sure you can perform such activities safely.
■You should take extra care if you drink alcohol while taking this medicine, as it may enhance the blood pressure lowering effect and could make you feel dizzy or faint.
■People with decreased kidney function should have regular blood tests to monitor the levels of potassium and creatinine in their blood while taking this medicine.
■This medicine may be less effective at lowering blood pressure in people of Afro-Caribbean descent.
To be used with caution by:
■Elderly people.
■People with a low volume of fluid or salt in their body, eg due to diuretic therapy, low salt diet, kidney dialysis, diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration.
■People with mild to moderately decreased liver function.
■People with decreased kidney function or kidney disease.
■People with narrowing in the one or both of the arteries that supply blood to the kidneys (renal artery stenosis).
■People with narrowing of the main artery that leaves the heart to supply blood to the body (aortic stenosis).
■People with heart valve disease (mitral valve stenosis).
■People with heart disease characterised by thickening of the internal heart muscle and a blockage inside the heart (hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy).
■People with severe heart failure.
■People with heart disease caused by inadequate blood flow to the heart (ischaemic heart disease, eg angina).
■People with high levels of potassium in their blood (hyperkalaemia).
■People with diabetes.
Not to be used by:
■People with severely decreased liver function.
■People with blockage of the bile duct (biliary obstruction).
■Women who are pregnant.
■Women who are breastfeeding.
■Micardis tablets contain sorbitol and are not suitable for people with an inherited intolerance to fructose in the diet.
■The safety of this medicine has not been established in children and adolescents under the age of 18. It is not recommended for this age group.
■People with high blood pressure due to high levels of the hormone aldosterone (primary hyperaldosteronism) do not generally respond to this type of blood pressure lowering medicine, and it is not recommended for these people.
This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy.
If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine.
This medicine should not be used during pregnancy, particularly the second and third trimesters, as it may be harmful to the developing baby. If you get pregnant during treatment or want to try for a baby, you should stop taking this medicine and consult your doctor. If appropriate, your doctor may prescribe you a different blood pressure medicine that is safe to take during pregnancy. Seek further medical advice from your doctor.
It is not known if this medicine passes into breast milk. For this reason, the manufacturer states that it should not be used during breastfeeding. Seek medical advice from your doctor.
Side effects
Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Just because a side effect is stated here does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.
Uncommon (affect between 1 in 100 and 1 in 1000 people)
■Abdominal pain.
■Diarrhoea.
■Indigestion (dyspepsia).
■Wind (flatulence).
■Dry mouth.
■Low blood pressure (hypotension).
■Sensation of spinning (vertigo).
■Fainting.
■Difficulty sleeping (insomnia).
■Shortness of breath.
■Increased sweating.
■Itching.
■Pain in the muscles (myalgia).
■Chest pain.
■Increased level of potassium in the blood (hyperkalaemia).
■Decreased kidney function, including kidney failure.
Rare (affect between 1 in 1000 and 1 in 10,000 people)
■Upper airway infections, eg pharyngitis, sinusitis.
■Flu-like symptoms.
■Decreased levels of red blood cells (anaemia) or platelets (thrombocytopenia) in the blood.
■Joint or back pain.
■Muscle cramps.
■Weakness.
■Upset stomach or vomiting.
■Skin reactions such as redness or hives (urticaria).
■Severe swelling of lips, face, tongue or throat (angioedema). Stop taking this medicine and consult your doctor immediately if you experience difficulty breathing or swallowing, or swelling of your face, lips, tongue or throat while taking this medicine.
■Anxiety.
■Depression.
■Abnormal vision.
■Increased heart rate (tachycardia).
■Drop in blood pressure that causes dizziness when moving from a lying down or sitting position to sitting or standing.
■Liver problems.
The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the medicine's manufacturer.
For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.
How can this medicine affect other medicines?
It is important to tell your doctor or pharmacist what medicines you are taking, including those bought without a prescription and herbal medicines, before you start treatment with this medicine. Likewise, always check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking any other medicines during treatment with this one so that they can make sure that the combination is safe.
Telmisartan has an additive effect with other medicines that decrease blood pressure, particularly other medicines used to treat high blood pressure (antihypertensives). This may cause dizziness, particularly when standing up. This can usually be relieved by lying down until the symptoms pass.
If you are taking a diuretic medicine, your doctor may reduce your dose or ask you to stop taking it for a few days before starting telmisartan. This is to prevent your blood pressure from dropping too low. If you frequently feel dizzy while taking this medicine in combination with other medicines that can lower blood pressure you should let your doctor know, as your doses may need adjusting. Other medicines that decrease blood pressure include the following:
■ACE inhibitors, eg captopril
■aldesleukin
■alpha-blockers such as prazosin
■alprostadil
■other angiotensin II receptor antagonists such as losartan
■antipsychotics
■benzodiazepines, eg temazepam, diazepam
■baclofen
■beta-blockers such as propranolol
■calcium-channel blockers such as verapamil, nifedipine
■clonidine
■diazoxide
■diuretics, eg furosemide, bendroflumethiazide
■dopamine agonists, eg bromocriptine, apomorphine
■hydralazine
■levodopa
■MAOI antidepressants, eg phenelzine
■methyldopa
■minoxidil
■moxonidine
■moxisylyte
■nicorandil
■nitrates, eg glyceryl trinitrate
■tizanidine.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, eg indometacin, aspirin, diclofenac, ibuprofen) may reduce the blood pressure lowering effect of telmisartan, and may increase the risk of a decline in kidney function. You should avoid taking this type of painkiller unless recommended by your doctor.
There may be a risk of raised potassium levels in the blood (hyperkalaemia) if any of the following medicines are taken in combination with telmisartan. If you are taking any of these with this medicine you should have regular blood tests to monitor the amount of potassium in your blood:
■ACE inhibitors, eg enalapril, captopril
■other angiotensin II receptor antagonists, eg losartan
■ciclosporin
■drospirenone
■epoetin (this may also oppose the blood pressure lowering effect of telmisartan)
■heparin
■NSAIDs, eg indometacin, aspirin, diclofenac, ibuprofen
■potassium-containing salt substitutes (eg Lo-Salt)
■potassium salts, eg potassium citrate for cystitis
■potassium-sparing diuretics, eg spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride
■potassium supplements
■tacrolimus.
Telmisartan may increase the blood levels of the following medicines. If you are taking either of these medicines in combination with telmisartan your doctor may need to monitor their blood levels to make sure they do not rise too high:
■digoxin

附件:
2010112919550711.pdf
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注：以下产品不同规格不同价格，购买以咨询为准！
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产地国家: 美国
原产地英文商品名:
MICARDIS 80mg/tab 30tabs/box
原产地英文药品名:
TELMISARTAN
中文参考商品译名:
必康平 80毫克/片 30片/盒
中文参考药品译名:
替米沙坦
中文参考化合物名称:
4＇-[(1，4＇-二甲基-2＇-丙基[2，6＇-二-1H-苯并咪唑]-1＇-基)甲基]-[1，1＇-二联苯基]-2-羧酸
生产厂家中文参考译名:
勃林格殷格翰
生产厂家英文名:
BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM

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产地国家: 美国
原产地英文商品名:
MICARDIS 40mg/tab 30tabs/box
原产地英文药品名:
TELMISARTAN
中文参考商品译名:
必康平 40毫克/片 30片/盒
中文参考药品译名:
替米沙坦
中文参考化合物名称:
4＇-[(1，4＇-二甲基-2＇-丙基[2，6＇-二-1H-苯并咪唑]-1＇-基)甲基]-[1，1＇-二联苯基]-2-羧酸
生产厂家中文参考译名:
勃林格殷格翰
生产厂家英文名:
BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM

----------------------------------------------------------------
产地国家: 美国
原产地英文商品名:
MICARDIS 20mg/tab 30tabs/box
原产地英文药品名:
TELMISARTAN
中文参考商品译名:
必康平 20毫克/片 30片/盒
中文参考药品译名:
替米沙坦
中文参考化合物名称:
4＇-[(1，4＇-二甲基-2＇-丙基[2，6＇-二-1H-苯并咪唑]-1＇-基)甲基]-[1，1＇-二联苯基]-2-羧酸
生产厂家中文参考译名:
勃林格殷格翰
生产厂家英文名:
BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM