英文药名: Monitan(Acebutolol Tablets)

中文药名: 醋丁洛尔片,醋丁酰心安

生产品牌药厂家: Wyeth Ayerst Pharmaceuticals

药品名称

通用名称：醋丁洛尔
英文名称：Acebutolol
中文别名：醋丁酰心安
英文别名：Acecor、Monitan、Neptal
规格

片剂：400mg/片。
药理作用　　

作用似普萘洛尔，但较弱．作用持久，Ｔ1/2为3～8小时．
药效学
本品有肾上腺素β受体部位竞争性地抑制儿茶酚胺的作用。通过减弱或防止β受体兴奋而使心脏的收缩力与收缩速度下降,通过传导系统的传导速度减慢,使心脏对运动或应激的反应减弱。因此，用于心绞痛的治疗，减低心肌氧耗，增加运动耐量。由于阻滞心脏起搏点电位的肾上腺素能兴奋故用于治疗心律失常。可能本品通过中枢、肾上腺素能神经元阻滞、抗肾素活性以及心排血量减低等降低血压，适用于治疗高血压。由于本品能拮抗儿茶酚胺效应，也用于治疗嗜铬细胞瘤及甲状腺机能亢进，使β1和β2受体的活动均处于抑制状态。
本品是一种心脏选择性β肾上腺素受体阻滞药，兼有内源性拟交感活性和膜稳定作用。根据哮喘患者用药后支气管痉挛的程度(用力呼气的容量)判断，本品的心脏选择性均弱于美托洛尔和阿替洛尔。其电生理作用与普萘洛尔相似，延长房室结不应期和减慢房室传导，但不影响窦房结恢复时间和心房或心室的有效不应期。
药动学
本品口服后吸收良好，口服吸收率为70％，口服后达峰时间为2～4h，生物利用度为60％，血浆蛋白结合率仅为15％，但与红细胞结合较强。表观分布容积为1.0～3.0L／kg。血浆消除半减期为3～4h，有效血药浓度为0.2～2.0μg/ml。本品乙酰化的代谢产物(diacetolol)要比原形药物更具有药理活性，其消除半减期＞ 12h。母药和子药各半均由粪便排泄，15％～60％由尿中排泄。
适应症　　

适用于窦性心动过速，房性或室性早搏，心房颤动，心房扑动等．也用于心绞痛，高血压。
适用于各型高血压，其降压效果与阿替洛尔或美托洛尔相似，心率无进行性减慢，而且不受年龄、种族或肾功能不全的影响。用于治疗心绞痛，在减少心绞痛发作次数、降低硝酸甘油用量、提高运动耐量和改善心肌缺血的程度上，与硝苯地平一样有效。也适用于室性心律失常的治疗，本品约使40％患者室性早搏减少75％，且较奎尼丁易耐受。
用法用量

初始口服剂量400mg，每日1次。若降压效果欠佳时，可增至为每日3次。心绞痛和室性心律失常的常用量：每次日服200～400mg，每日2～3次。
对肾功能不全者如肌酐清除率＜ 3L/h时，每日用量应减半，低于0.6L/h时应减少75％。
任何疑问，请遵医嘱！
禁用慎用　　

心功能不全，循环衰竭者忌用，支气管哮喘慎用。
对肾功能不全者如肌酐清除率＜ 3L/h时，每日用量应减半，低于0.6L/h时应减少75％。
本品易透过胎盘、乳汁，可影响新生儿血压、心率和出生体重。因此，妊娠和哺乳期妇女要慎用。
不良反应　　

个别可有心力衰竭。
最常见的不良反应为疲乏、头痛、胃肠道不适和眩晕。发生心动过缓(＜48次／min)较为罕见。
此药可致有Arthus Ⅲ型过敏反应，也常产生抗核抗体。
药物相互作用　　

本品与小剂量利尿药如氢氯噻嗪合用，可增加其降压作用；与硝苯地平合用，抗心绞痛的疗效可明显提高。

Acebutolol is a drug that needs a prescription from a doctor. It is considered as a beta-adrenergic blocking agent which is an efficient drug which helps reduce hypertension or high blood pressure by effectively reducing the heart rate that forces the heart’s contractions.

Acebutolol is the generic name for the drug distributed under the brand name Sectral. This drug is a beta-blocker used to treat patients who have high blood pressure. High blood pressure is known to contribute to other fatal health problems such as kidney failure, stroke and heart attacks. Acebutolol is also an effective drug for treating ventricular arrhythmia or commonly known as heart rhythm problem.

Acebutolol comes in a form of tablet or capsule and is orally taken. The dosage of this drug differs from the individual condition of patients. The dosage also differs depending on the patients’ age. For adult patients with hypertension, a 400mg that is taken once or twice a day is the average dosage recommended while patients suffering from ventricular arrhythmia are required to take a dosage of 200mg of the drug twice a day. However, it is very important to consult a doctor before using the recommended dosage to determine the best and exact dosage based on your medical condition.

The drug is recommended to be taken before bedtime and before any meals. For patients with liver and kidney problems, the intake of Acebutolol should be reduced gradually.

Missed dose should never be double dosed because this may lead to over dosage, which is dangerous to your health.

You must maintain the right amount of doses as prescribed by your doctor and never to alter the dosage.

There are known side effects associated with the use of Acebutolol. Some of the side effects are normal due to the adjustment of the body to the medicine while some may cause serious health problem.

Some of the side effects include constipation, abdominal cramps, change in vision, and difficulties in breathing, wheezing, irregular heartbeat, headache and swelling of legs, fingers or face.

If any of the side effects occur, it would be best to inform the doctor.

Prior to medicating with this drug, you must first consult your doctor and inform if you have any other health problems that might affect your health or the effectiveness of the drug. Also inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to have one.

Aside from taking the medicine to treat your hypertension, it is highly recommended to augment the medication with healthy diet and daily exercise. Your doctor can recommend you with the proper diet and exercise.

Most often, people with hypertension do not feel anything unusual but it is important to maintain the use of the medicine even when you feel fine. You must follow the doctor’s advice and continue with the medication. This is to ensure that your blood pressure is maintained accordingly.

You must also maintain a regular visit to your doctor in order to monitor the progress of your medication. This will also allow your doctor to adjust your dosage if deem necessary.