2010年9月14日，FDA批准治疗痛风的新药Krystexxa(pegloticase)，用于常规治疗无效或常规治疗无法耐受的成年痛风患者。
痛风为嘌呤代谢紊乱和(或)尿酸排泄障碍所致血尿酸增高的一组异质性疾病。过多的尿酸最终以针状结晶存留在关节或软组织中,引起间歇性肿胀、发红、发热、疼痛和关节僵硬。常规疗法是服用能够降低血液中尿酸含量的药物，例如黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂别嘌醇(别嘌呤醇)和Uloric(非布司他，febuxostat)。
Krystexxa是一种酶，能够通过将尿酸代谢成无害物质并通过尿液排出体外来降低痛风患者体内的尿酸水平。该药物的给药方式为静脉注射，每两周注射一次。
FDA药品审评与研究中心相关专家表示:“在3 000 000成年痛风患者中，大约有3%的人群无法从常规治疗中获益。本次批准的这一新药物能够为这患者提供一种重要的新选择。”
该药临床试验中曾出现不良反应包括过敏、痛风发作、恶心、注射部位青肿、鼻道刺激、便秘、胸痛、呕吐。

Important Safety Information
Before starting KRYSTEXXA® (pegloticase), you should know that:

KRYSTEXXA is for adults who have tried or can not take oral gout medicines and still have high uric acid levels and gout signs and symptoms, also known as Refractory Chronic Gout.

KRYSTEXXA is not recommended if you have high levels of uric acid without signs and symptoms of gout.

You should not use KRYSTEXXA if you have a genetic condition known as G6PD deficiency, which stands for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. This is also known as favism. G6PD deficiency occurs more often in people of African or Mediterranean family background. However, it can occur in anyone. Before giving you KRYSTEXXA, your doctor may give you a blood test to determine if you have G6PD deficiency.

Before you receive KRYSTEXXA, tell your doctor if you:

Know you have G6PD deficiency
Have, or ever had, heart problems or high blood pressure
Are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. It is not known if KRYSTEXXA will harm your unborn baby. Talk to your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant
Are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if KRYSTEXXA passes into your breast milk. You and your doctor should decide if you will receive KRYSTEXXA or breastfeed
What is the most important information I should know about KRYSTEXXA?

Serious allergic reactions may happen in some people who receive KRYSTEXXA. These allergic reactions can be life threatening and usually happen within 2 hours of the infusion.

KRYSTEXXA should be given to you by a doctor or nurse in a healthcare setting where serious allergic reactions can be treated. Your doctor or nurse should watch you for any signs of a serious allergic reaction during and after your treatment with KRYSTEXXA.

Tell your doctor or nurse right away if you have any of these symptoms during or after your treatment with KRYSTEXXA:

Wheezing, shortness of breath, cough, chest tightness, chest pain, or trouble breathing
Dizziness, fainting, fast or weak heartbeat or feeling nervous
Reddening of the face, itching, hives, or feeling warm
Swelling of the throat or tongue, throat tightness, hoarse voice or trouble swallowing
There are possible side effects with KRYSTEXXA:

The most common serious side effects in patients taking KRYSTEXXA were severe allergic reactions and infusion reactions. The most common side effects were gout flare-ups or attacks, infusion reactions, nausea, bruising, sore throat, constipation, chest pain, severe allergic reactions, and vomiting.

An increase in gout flares is frequently observed in patients when they start taking medicines to lower their uric acid levels. Patients do not need to stop taking KRYSTEXXA simply because of gout flares.

This is not a complete list of all possible side effects. Ask your doctor or treatment team if you have any questions or want more information.

If you have any questions about KRYSTEXXA or your therapy, talk with your doctor.

You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/safety/medwatch, or call the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Please see the Medication Guide and Prescribing Information, including Boxed Warning, for more information.

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